About this site

This site collects material on pie menus, the radial menu format first implemented by Don Hopkins and studied empirically at the University of Maryland and Xerox PARC in the late 1980s.

The interactive demo lets you try pie menus directly in the browser. The default menu set uses the navigation structure from calmtech.com, the website for Amber Case's work on calm technology. Selecting an item from that menu links to the corresponding page on calmtech.com.

Mark Weiser, who co-authored the original 1988 CHI paper on pie menus, also originated the concepts of ubiquitous computing and calm technology while at Xerox PARC. The Calm Tech Institute carries that work forward today.

How this was made

The site is static HTML generated by a Python script (make_pie_menus_site.py). The pie menu interaction is implemented in vanilla JavaScript using inline SVG. No frameworks or build tools are required. The site is hosted on Neocities.

Source material

The figures are from the original 1988 paper: Jack Callahan, Don Hopkins, Mark Weiser, and Ben Shneiderman, "An Empirical Comparison of Pie vs. Linear Menus," Proceedings of CHI '88, ACM, 1988.